This circuit combines volume adjustment with frequency-selective bass and treble shaping. The diagram is a reference layout: verify every resistor, capacitor, potentiometer connection and signal ground against the actual schematic before wiring.

What each control does

• Volume: a potentiometer varies the signal level passed to the next audio stage.
• Bass: the low-frequency network changes how much low-frequency content reaches the output.
• Treble: the high-frequency network shapes the upper part of the audio range.

In a passive tone-control network, the controls attenuate different parts of the signal; they do not create extra gain. If the circuit includes an active amplifier or buffer, its power and bias requirements must be handled separately.

Component values and loading

Capacitor and resistor values set the network's frequency response. Potentiometer value and taper, source impedance and the input impedance of the following amplifier also affect the result. Use the values shown in the verified schematic as a set; changing one component can shift the response and interaction between controls.

Build and test

1. Wire the audio input, ground, control network and output exactly as shown.
2. Connect the output to a suitable amplifier input, not directly to a speaker.
3. Start with low source volume and move each control through its range while listening for crackle, channel imbalance or unexpected loss of signal.
4. Keep audio grounds short and avoid routing signal wires beside power wiring.

Note: A purely passive network needs no supply of its own. Any powered stage shown in a different version of the circuit must use the supply and component ratings specified for that design.